Jun 27
Pathogens: Phytophthora palmivora and Thielaviopsis paradoxa (a.k.a. Chalara paradoxa – see Pest of the Month February 2009 – Stem Bleeding of Coconut) Hosts: Fishtail palms, pineapple, coconut, Dracaena fragrans, Ficus spp., Phoenix spp., Rhapis sp., royal palm, cabbage palm, sugarcane, queen palm, Manila palm, Washingtonia spp., aglaonema, Syngonium podophyllum Distribution: California, Florida, Arizona, Hawaii, and …
Jun 27
Hosts: 24 species of palms in 14 genera, including most of the common landscape palms found in California Distribution: Asia, Africa, Middle East, Europe, Australia, Samoa, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Aruba, and U.S. – Laguna Beach, Orange County Symptoms: Larval mines and frass in leaf based in the central growing point of the palm, …
Jun 27
Cephaleuros spp. Hosts: Guava, magnolia, coffee, avocado, mango, breadfruit, coconut, cacao, citrus, and others Distribution: Tropical and subtropical climates and on all continents and probably all islands between 33°N and 33°S of the equator where temperature and humidity are suitable for growth. Symptoms: For C. virescens, leaf spots on the upper leaf surface, raised and …
Jun 27
Hosts: species of Citrus and related Rutaceae Distribution: Hawaii, California, Florida, most of Africa, Australia, Saudi Arabia to India, Indonesia, China, Philippines, Taiwan, southern Japan, New Guinea and nearby Pacific Islands Symptoms: Serpentine mines in leaves and rarely in fruits, curling of leaves. Young leaves are susceptible. Succulent branches of young shoots may also be …
Jun 22
Host: Ficus sp., citrus, and occasionally orchids Distribution: Hawaii, Florida, California, Texas, Guam, and other tropical areas Symptoms: Sunken purplish spots along midrib and tight curling of young leaves, which become hard and tough and eventually fall off. Young leaves are susceptible. Management: Biological control including green lacewing larvae and ladybird beetles. For ornamental trees, …
Jun 22
Host: Red sealing wax palms (Cyrtostachys renda Blume) Symptoms: Small, water-soaked dark green spots that expand into circular spots with tan to light brown centers bordered by water-soaked tissue on foliage. The size of necrotic areas increases as spots coalesce. Young leaves are susceptible. Leaf petioles and sheaths are also infected. Spread by: water splashing …
Jun 22
Monkeypod Moths (Melipotis indomita, Ascalapha odorata, and Polydesma umbricola) Distribution: all major Hawaiian Islands Hosts: Monkeypods (M. indomita also attacks kiawe) Symptoms: Defoliation. Webbing with frass on trunk bark. Management: Management is not usually necessary. If a tree is particularly stressed, insecticide can be applied to the trunk bark. Sources: Description and Life Cycle of …
Jun 22
Distribution: Asia, Pacific Islands, and Hawaii Hosts: Cypress and juniper Symptoms: Dead areas in crowns (orange/brown). Roaches girdle branches by eating the bark. Management: Remove leaf litter from crown and below tree (nesting area for roaches). Sources: Pacific beetle mimic Diploptera punctata Norfolk Island Pine Culture, University of Hawaii Cooperative Extension Service Circular 453, March 1972, p. …
Jun 22
Black Twig Borer Xylosandrus compactus (Eichoff) Distribution: Hawaiian Islands. Native to Asia, found in coffee growing areas of the world Hosts: Over 200 plant species including coffee, avocado, citrus, cacao, paperbark, Eucalyptus robusta, haole koa, guava, Christmasberry, lychee, macadamia, mango, mahogany, hibiscus, kukui,Surinam cherry, and podocarpus. Symptoms: Pin-sized entry holes, twig death. Severe infestations can kill …
Jun 22
Distribution: Islands of Oahu and Hawaii Host: Mortality in Hawaii has been found in Pritchardia sp., floribunda palm, foxtail palm, Manila palm, and coconut palm. Alternate hosts include grasses, banana, and coffee as well as in any decaying vegetation Symptoms: Browning of leaves, heart leaves easily pulled out with necrosis of living stem tissues beneath, heart …